ABSTRACT
Background: woman's orgasm plays a vital role in sexual compatibility and marital satisfaction. Orgasm in women is a learnable phenomenon that is influenced by several factors
Objective: the aim of this study is exploring obstacles to orgasm in Iranian married women
Materials and Methods: this qualitative study with directed content analysis approach was conducted in 2015-2016, on 20 Iranian married women who were individually interviewed at two medical clinics in Tehran, Iran
Results: orgasm obstacles were explored in one category, 4 subcategories, and 25 codes. The main category was "Multidimensionality of women's orgasm obstacles". Subcategories and some codes included: Physical obstacles [wife's or husband's boredom, vaginal infection, insufficient vaginal lubrication], psychological obstacles [lack of sexual knowledge, shame, lack of concentration on sex due to household and children problems], relational obstacles [husband's hurry, having a dispute and annoyance with spouse] and contextual obstacles [Irregular sleep hours, lack of privacy and inability to separate children's bedroom from their parents, lack of peace at home]
Conclusion: for prevention or treatment of female orgasm disorders, attention to physical factors is not enough. Obtaining a comprehensive history about physical, psychological, relational and contextual dimensions of woman's life is necessary
ABSTRACT
Background: During the recent years, significant progress has been achieved on development of novel anti-viral drugs. Natural products are assumed as the potential sources of novel anti-viral drugs; therefore, there are some previous studies reporting the anti-viral compounds from venomous animals. Based on the significant value for tracing of non-toxic anti-viral agents from natural resources, this study was aimed to investigate the anti-viral activity of some HPLC purified fractions derived from the venom of Iranian scorpion, Hemiscorpius lepturus, against human immunodeficiency virus 1 [HIV-1] and herpes simplex virus 1 [HSV-1]
Methods: H. Lepturus crude venom was subjected to reverse phase HPLC analysis to determine its active components precisely where four dominant fractions obtained at retention time of 156-160 minutes. The phospholipase A2 and hemolytic activities of the purified fractions were first evaluated. Then the anti-viral activity was measured using single cycle HIV [NL4-3] replication and HSV [KOS] plaque reduction assays
Results: The H. lepturus crude venom inhibited HIV replication by 73% at the concentration of 200 micro g/ml, while it did not show significant anti-HSV activity. It also inhibited the cell-free viral particles in a virucidal assay, while it showed no toxicity for the target cells in a proliferation assay. The four HPLC fractions purified from H. lepturus inhibited HIV with IC50 of 20 micro g/ml
Conclusion: H. lepturus venom contains components with considerable anti-HIV activity insofar as it has virucidal activity that offers a novel therapeutic approach against HIV infection. Our results suggest a promising pilot for anti-HIV drug discovery with H. lepturus scorpion venom
ABSTRACT
Objective [s]: Coping with stress is more important than the nature of stress itself. Coping with stress is a health promotion behavior and behavior is influenced by unintelligible factors. Theory of planned behavior makes a useful framework for understanding the health behavior and designing appropriate training. Integrating the theory of planned behavior with self-efficacy will increase the predictive capability of the theory
Methods: This research is a qualitative approach based on the "Integrated Model of Planned Behavior and Self-efficacy". Total 70 women aged between 20-45 works in industrial factories are chosen by purposeful sampling with maximum diversity to participate in focus group discussion. Ten group interviews in the form of seven groups of ten were conducted. After collecting information, analyzing data from the conventional method of content analysis was conducted
Results: Results showed that the majority of women workers have the attitude that stress is the effective factor on body and spirit health and also a cause of job absence and decreased quality of work in work places. Shouting, emptying stress on others, patience and silence, preying, listening to music and walking are the majority of techniques that women workers use to cope with stress. Significance and effects of understanding and social support are subjective norms of women workers. Susceptible morale, lack of job security, weakness, and working with pressure and lack of knowledge and skills of coping with stress are the most important barriers of coping with stress in women workers .results showed that training the methods and skills of coping with stress and increasing supports in work places and home; could empower women to have more self-efficacy and intention to cope with stress
Conclusion: By rehabilitations of regular sessions and consulting and persuasion of women to reflect the problems in workplace; and also by informing and training the methods and skills of coping with stress; we can move toward a way of promoting health in our society